It is narrated from Ahmad ibn
Muhammad ibn al-Hajjaj al-Marwadhi that he said:
‘I was sitting one day on an arched
bridge (al-Tabanain) when I was approached by two men who were escorting a Bedouin
man on a camel of his. They stopped by me and said, ‘This is him, here he is
sitting.’ The Bedouin said to me, ‘Are you Ahmad ibn Hanbal?’ I said, ‘No, I am
his friend, what do you need?’ He said to me, ‘I want him.’ So I said, ‘Shall I
take you to him?’ He said, ‘Yes, by Allah.’
So I led the way in front of him
until I reached the door of Abu ‘Abdillah (Ahmad ibn Hanbal) whereupon I
knocked the door and they said, ‘Who is it?’ I said, ‘I am al-Marwadhi.’ They
said, ‘Come in’ so I said, ‘I and the one with me?’ They said, ‘(Yes) you and
the one with you.’
When he saw Abu ‘Abdillah, the Bedouin said, ‘Yes,
by Allah’ – three times – and he greeted him. He (Ahmad) said, ‘What do you
need?’ He said, ‘I am the messenger of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu
`alayhi wa sallam).’ He said, ‘Woe to you, what are you saying?’
He said, ‘I am a Bedouin man,
between my village and al-Madinah is 40 miles and my family sent me to
al-Madinah to purchase some wheat and dates for them. Night fell over me so I
prayed ‘Isha in the Mosque of the Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam) then I
lied down.
As I was sleeping, a person came to
me and shook me saying, ‘Will you carry out a task for the Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam)?’ I said, ‘Yes, by Allah!’ So he seized my left
arm by his right hand and took me to the wall of the grave of the Prophet
(sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam). He stood me at the head (of the grave) and I
said, ‘O Messenger of Allah…’ Then I heard a caller from behind the wall
saying, ‘Will you carry out a task for us?’ I said, ‘Yes, by Allah. Yes, by
Allah.’ So he said, ‘Go forth until you reach Baghdad (or al-Zawraa’ –
al-Marwadhi was unsure which), and when you reach Baghdad ask for the house of
Ahmad ibn Hanbal. When you meet him, say ‘The Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa
sallam) sends you his salaam and he says to you: Indeed Allah will test you
with a great test, and surely he shall place you in a trial, but I have asked
Him to make you patient therein, so do not worry.’
Abu Bakr: ‘There was 25 days
between the time the Bedouin departed and the start of the Mihna (trial of Imam
Ahmad).’
It is narrated from Rabi’ ibn
Sulayman that he said:
‘Al-Shafi’i wrote a letter to Abu
‘Abdillah Ahmad ibn Hanbal, then he said to me, ‘O Abu Sulayman, go to ‘Iraq
with this letter of mine and do not read it.’ So I took the letter and left
Egypt until I arrived at ‘Iraq and came to the mosque of Ahmad ibn Hanbal.
I caught up with him praying salat al-Fajr so
I prayed with him but I did not pray the Sunnah so I stood up after the prayer
to pray it. He began to look at me until he recognized me, so when I finished
praying I greeted him and gave him the letter. He began to ask me about al-Shafi’i
for a long while before looking at the letter. Then he opened it and read it
until he reached a certain place whereupon he started to cry. Then he said, ‘I
hope that Allah Ta’ala fulfils what Al-Shafi’i has said.’
I said, ‘O Abu ‘Abdillah! What did he write to
you?’ He said, ‘He mentions in his letter that he saw the Prophet (sallallahu
`alayhi wa sallam) in his dream and he said, ‘O Ibn Idris (al-Shafi’i), give
glad tidings to this young man Abu ‘Abdillah Ahmad ibn Hanbal that he will soon
be tested in the Deen of Allah. He will be called to say: ‘The Qur’an is
created’ so let him not say that and he will indeed be beaten with a whip but
Allah will surely spread for him knowledge that will not disappear until the
Day of Judgment.’ So I said, ‘This is a glad tiding!’…
Abu Bakr al-Khuffaf: Husayn said,
‘I saw the Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam) in a dream and I said to him,
‘O Prophet of Allah! What is the state of Ahmad ibn Hanbal?’ He said, ‘Musa
`alayi al-salam will come to you so ask him.’ And behold there I was with Musa,
so I asked him. He said, ‘Ibn Hanbal has been tested in ease and difficulty and
he has been found to be truthful so he has been ranked with the Siddiqin (the
Truthful).’ I said, ‘So what is the state of Bishr?’ He said, ‘Bishr has been
taken from the face of the earth and there is no slave more pious than him.’ So
I said, ‘O Prophet of Allah! What is the state of those who speak (falsehood)
regarding the Qur’an?’ He said, ‘Upon those is the Curse of Allah.’ Then I
heard a response in the air saying, ‘Yes, upon those is the Curse of Allah.’
Muhammad ibn Ishaq: In my dream, I
saw as if the Day of Judgement had come and I saw Allah, the Lord of Glory,
hearing His speech and seeing only Light. He said, ‘What do you say about the
Qur’an?’ I said, ‘(They are) Your Words O Lord of the Worlds.’ So He said, ‘Who
has informed you?’ I said, ‘Ahmad ibn Hanbal.’ He said, ‘Ahmad is thiqah
(reliable and trustworthy).’ Ahmad was then called and it was said to him, ‘What
do you say about the Qur’an?’ He said, ‘Your Words, O Lord of the Worlds.’ He
said, ‘Where did you learn this?’ Ahmad then laid out two papers, on one of
them was written ‘(the isnad) Shu’bah from al-Mughirah’ and in the other was
written ‘ ‘Ataa from Ibn ‘Abbas’ So Shu’bah was called and Allah jall wa ‘alaa
said to him ‘What do you say about the Qur’an?’ He said, ‘Your Words, O Lord of
the Worlds.’ He said, ‘Where did you learn this?’ He said, ‘It was narrated to
me from ‘Ataa from Ibn ‘Abbas – ‘Ataa wasn’t called – and (instead) Ibn ‘Abbas
was called, so Allah Ta’ala said to him, ‘What do you say about the Qur’an?’ He
said, ‘Your Words O Lord of the Worlds.’ He said, ‘Where did you learn this?’
He said, ‘Muhammad the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam) has
informed us.’ Then the Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam) was called and
Allah Ta’ala said to him, ‘What do you say about the Qur’an?’ He said, ‘Your
Words O Lord of the Worlds.’ He said, ‘Who has informed you?’ He said, ‘Jibril,
from You.’ Allah Ta’ala then said, ‘You have spoken the truth and they have
spoken the truth.’
Abu Bakr al-Marwadhi: ‘A man from
Tarsus said to me, ‘One night, I thought about Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hanbal,
his patience over being whipped and how he showed strength in that despite his
(physical) weakness. Then I wept and (that night), I saw in my sleep as if a
voice was calling out saying, ‘So what then, were you to see the Angels in the
skies whilst he was being beaten, and they were boasting about him.’ I said, ‘And
did the Angels know of Ahmad’s beatings?’ He said, ‘There remains no Angel in
the sky except that it has witnessed over him whilst he was beaten.’
‘Ali ibn al-Madini: ‘Allah `azza wa
jall has given honour to this Deen by two men, of whom there is no third; Abu
Bakr al-Siddiq during the days of al-Ridda (apostasy) and Ahmad ibn Hanbal
during the days of al-Mihna (trial).’
Ibn al-Madini (rahimahullah) also
said: ‘No-one has stood up for Islam after the Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa
sallam) like Ahmad ibn Hanbal did.’ Al-Maymuni said, ‘O Abal-Hasan! Not even
Abu Bakr al-Siddiq?’ He said, ‘Not even Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, because Abu Bakr
had helpers and supporters around him.’
Ishaq ibn Rahawayh: ‘I went out
with Ahmad ibn Hanbal in his final Hajj and when we reached the end of
al-Madinah we were approached by an old man being carried on a stretcher. His
eyebrows had drawn over his eyes due to old age and he had tightened over them
with a head cloth. There were young and old men around him and someone said: ‘Which
of you is Ahmad ibn Hanbal?’
The people pointed their fingers at
Ahmad and the man approached him until he stood in front of him. He said, ‘Are
you Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hanbal?’ He said, ‘That’s what my mother affirms’ He
said, ‘Do you recognize me?’ He said, ‘By Allah, no.’ He said, ‘I am from the
sons of ‘Ubayd’Allah ibn Musa ibn Ja’far ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn
ibn ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib.
I saw in a dream yesterday the
Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam), Abu Bakr and ‘Umar. They were crossing
the canal of Baghdad when the cloak of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu
`alayhi wa sallam) fell from his right shoulder. Then you, O Ahmad rushed forth
and brought the cloak until you placed it on the shoulder of the Messenger of
Allah (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam). So the Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa
sallam) turned to you and so did Abu Bakr and ‘Umar (radhiallahu `anhuma) and
they said to you, ‘Rejoice, for you are our companion tomorrow in Paradise.’
The old man then said to those who were with Ahmad, ‘The cloak that Ahmad
returned to the shoulder of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu `alayhi wa
sallam) is the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, which Ahmad will return to the
people.’
Out of his humbleness and fear,
whenever this incident was mentioned, Imam Ahmad would say, ‘I wish a mountain
could come over me and I never heard this!’
Abu ‘Abdillah Muhammad ibn
Khuzaymah in Alexandria said:
‘When Ahmad ibn Hanbal died, I fell
into a deep sorrow and night came to pass. So I saw him in my dream and he
was walking in pride. I said to him, ‘O Abu ‘Abdillah! What is this walk?’ He
said, ‘This is the walk of the servants of the Home of Peace (i.e. Paradise).’
I said, ‘What did Allah do to you?’ He said, ‘He has forgiven me and turned to
me and adorned me with shoes of gold and He said to me: O Ahmad, all this is
for your statements regarding the Qur’an being my Speech.’ Then He said, ‘O
Ahmad, call upon Me with the supplications that have reached you from Sufyan
al-Thawri which you used to supplicate with in the life of the world.’ So I
said: ‘O Lord of everything, by Your Power over everything, do not ask me
anything but instead forgive me for everything.’ So He said to me, ‘O Ahmad,
this is Paradise. Stand and enter it.’ So I entered it and behold there was
Sufyan al-Thawri and he had two green wings flying from one date palm tree to
another saying,
‘وَقَالُوا
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي صَدَقَنَا وَعْدَهُ وَأَوْرَثَنَا الْأَرْضَ
نَتَبَوَّأُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ نَشَاء فَنِعْمَ أَجْرُ الْعَامِلِينَ’
And they will say: “All the praises and thanks be to Allah Who has fulfilled His Promise to us and has made us inherit this land. We can dwell in Paradise where we will; how excellent a reward for the workers!” [al-Zumar: 74]
And they will say: “All the praises and thanks be to Allah Who has fulfilled His Promise to us and has made us inherit this land. We can dwell in Paradise where we will; how excellent a reward for the workers!” [al-Zumar: 74]
So I said, ‘What happened to ‘Abd
al-Wahhab al-Warraq?’ He said, ‘I have left him in a sea of Light, in a water
of light whereby he visits the King of Forgiveness.’ I said, ‘And what happened
to Bishr?’ He said, ‘Bakh bakh! And who can be like Bishr? I have left him in
front of al-Jalil (Allah Himself), and in front of him is a table filled with
food. Allah, the Majestic comes to him and says, ‘Eat, O one who did not eat
(in the world)! Drink, O one who did not drink! Enjoy yourself and take delight,
O one who did not take delight!’
[Kitab Mihnat Imam Ahmad ibn
Hanbal, Maktabat al-Hady al-Muhammadia, pg. 9-24]
